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Stavropol part. A historical-geographic area throughout the Russian Federation found in the central area of Subcaucasia, within Kuban River (and you will Kuban area) toward western, this new Terek area toward the southern area of, the fresh new Don region on north, new Kalmyk Autonomous Republic into northeast, while the countries of the Caucasian mountain individuals to the south and you may southwest. The Stavropol area generally corresponds within the area towards previous Stavropol gubernia (in 18611920 edge, 59,500 sq . kilometres) additionally the later Stavropol krai, smaller the brand new Karachai-Cherkess Independent oblast (66,five-hundred sq kilometer).
Physical topography. The major part of the Stavropol region try occupied by the Stavropol Upland; the brand new small piece features components of brand new Caspian Lowland throughout the east, the fresh Kuma-Manych Depression on the north, and also the mountain tops of the Caucasus Mountains about southwestern. The environment of one’s Stavropol area are transitional, regarding moderate continental throughout the west so you’re able to more dry and more continental about east. The greater of these through the Yegorlyk (which circulates on Manych), the Kalaus, the newest Kuma, and also the Kuban and its own higher tributaries, this new Velykyi Zelenchuk together with Malyi Zelenchuk (come across Zelenchuk canals). River-water can be used to own irrigation. Short, mostly saline ponds are plentiful; the largest is the thin but 160-km-enough time River Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
Nevertheless the centrally located Stavropol part remained sparsely populated of the nomadic Nogay Tatars (a great Turkic-talking individuals) and you can Kalmyk some body (a great Mongol-speaking class), who together designated throughout the 80,000
The soils on the western and you will central a portion of the Stavropol region is actually some chernozems and chestnut soils; with the east and you may northeast they getting light chestnut. The fresh sheer plant life and change eastward having declining moisture, off meadow fescuefeather yard steppe in order to deceased fescuefeather turf steppe and semidesert plants regarding wormwood, dry fescue, and you can feather grass. Throughout the much more humid part of the Stavropol Upland plus in this new Caucasus mountain tops brand new absolute flowers try forest-steppe which have oak-hornbeam-beech woods. Today the steppe as well as the forest-steppe are practically entirely removed having agriculture.
Records. Regarding the middle-16th century the fresh Caucasus and Stavropol Kazakh dates femmes region started initially to become to your connection with Muscovite colonization. About 16th and 17th many years Subcaucasia educated the latest origins out-of Cossack colonization (this new Wear Cossacks on the west as well as the Terek Cossacks within the the latest eastern). Caucasian hill individuals, the brand new Karachai as well as the Cherkess, lived-in the fresh new mountain tops of the region.
Early in the new eighteenth century the latest Stavropol part nominally turned into part of the Russian Kingdom. Long lasting agreements, although not, were not established before the past one-fourth of one’s century, whenever, in the 177780, the latest Russian regulators dependent a line of forts, the Mozdok-Azov line, having headquarters from the Stavropol, so you can support the Caucasian slope individuals. From the 1785 the fresh new Stavropol region molded element of Caucasus oblast, that was redesignated a great gubernia from inside the 1802. Following the multiple term transform it was designated as Stavropol gubernia when you look at the 1847. The limits was basically in the long run repaired in the 1861, if this is actually split out-of Terek oblast. Compared with Kuban oblast and you may Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (just like the 1898) was not part of Caucasus krai.
Before 1930s the brand new Stavropol area was settled from the both Ukrainians and you may Russians, and you can constituted part of contiguous, albeit mixed, Ukrainian ethnographic area
This new Russian bodies promoted this new rapid colonization of one’s Stavropol region to help you expose a base having armed forces procedures about Caucasus. Section of one point is achieved by the new granting preference tracts out-of house to Russian noblemen, which settled all of them with its serfs. A very tall cause of colonization, but not, try brand new natural payment because of the state peasants who were unimpeded by the brand new central regulators. Actually the fresh purple authorities legalized extant states to the ukase out of 1804 and considering support to those who’d settled inside the the fresh Stavropol region. Towards the end of your own 1850s the population out-of Stavropol gubernia had risen to 340,000 (5.5 people each sq kilometer). The merely city, Stavropol, increased from around step 3,000 people during the 1800 so you can 17,600 customers inside 1853. The essential heavily paid elements was in fact the newest steppes between the Yegorlyk while the Kalaus rivers therefore the Kalaus Lake area. The people regarding Stavropol gubernia (as well as Terek oblast) when you look at the 1853 contains forty eight.eight % Cossacks, 32 % state peasants, 16.2 per cent nomadic herders, and you will 3.one percent serfs while others.
